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Related Concept Videos

Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

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Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
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Filtration00:53

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Filtration is a physical separation process that involves passing a suspension through a porous medium to separate solids from fluids. During filtration, solids collect on the porous medium while liquids, also collectively known as the filtrate, pass through. The filtration medium is selected based on the filtration purpose, quantity, and nature of the precipitate. The general criteria for a suitable filtering medium are that it is inert, mechanically strong, nonabsorbent toward dissolved...
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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

A Microfluidic Platform for Precision Small-volume Sample Processing and Its Use to Size Separate Biological Particles with an Acoustic Microdevice
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Cascading and Parallelising Curvilinear Inertial Focusing Systems for High Volume, Wide Size Distribution, Separation

B Miller1, M Jimenez2, H Bridle2

  • 1Institute for Infrastructure and Environment, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3FG, United Kingdom.

Scientific Reports
|November 4, 2016
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Summary

This study introduces stacked and cascaded inertial focusing systems for high-throughput microfluidic particle separation. The novel toroidal configuration achieves rapid, large-volume processing for diverse applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Particle Separation Technology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Inertial focusing is a microfluidic technique for particle separation and concentration.
  • Current microfluidic methods offer high throughput but are limited to small sample volumes (milliliters).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput, large-volume particle separation and concentration system using microfluidics.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of stacked and cascaded inertial focusing in curved channels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized stacked and cascaded inertial focusing systems in novel toroidal curved microchannels.
  • Demonstrated particle separation and concentration for sizes ranging from 30 to 300 micrometers.
  • Operated a stack of 20 devices at a flow rate of 1 L/min.

Main Results:

  • Achieved rapid, high-volume processing (1 L/min) for particle separation and concentration.
  • Successfully separated and concentrated particles across a wide size range (30-300 µm).
  • Demonstrated efficient removal of large particles via recirculation and sequential removal of smaller particles through cascading.

Conclusions:

  • Stacked and cascaded inertial focusing in curved microchannels enables high-throughput, large-volume particle processing.
  • This technology has the potential to replace traditional filtration methods in various fields.
  • Applications include environmental monitoring, industrial cleaning, bioprocessing, and biomedical fields.