Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

847
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
847
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

869
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
869
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

1.1K
Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
1.1K
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

295
Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
295
Reversible and Irreversible Processes01:14

Reversible and Irreversible Processes

6.1K
The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
6.1K
Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

8.0K
Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
8.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Conflict Processing Is Unaffected by Stimulus Duration Across Multiple Visual Tasks: Evidence for Transient over Permanent Activation Models.

Computational brain & behavior·2026
Same author

Temporal cueing of conflict reduces congruency effects in the Eriksen flanker and Simon tasks.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

How visual eccentricity shapes conflict via target and distractor processing in the Simon task.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

How many species in the United States warrant consideration for Endangered Species Act protection?

PeerJ·2026
Same author

Proactive control adaptation in Stroop tasks reflects adjustments in the strength of distractor suppression.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2025
Same author

No congruency sequence effect across Simon and Eriksen tasks with aligned temporal processing dynamics: Evidence for domain-specific over domain-general cognitive control.

Memory & cognition·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

6.0K

Separating limits on preparation versus online processing in multitasking paradigms: Evidence for resource models.

Victor Mittelstädt1, Jeff Miller2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Freiburg.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|November 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Multitasking involves slower reaction times (RTs) in the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm compared to prioritized processing (PP). This difference is not solely due to preparation, suggesting resource reallocation impacts performance.

More Related Videos

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

6.0K
Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K
The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
08:24

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Performance
  • Multitasking Research

Background:

  • The psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm demonstrates slower first-task reaction times (RTs) compared to the prioritized processing (PP) paradigm.
  • This phenomenon is often explained by the response selection bottleneck (RSB) model, suggesting interference in task processing.
  • Previous research has attributed RT differences to variations in first-task preparation between paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the slower first-task RTs in the PRP paradigm are exclusively caused by differences in first-task preparation.
  • To differentiate between the response selection bottleneck (RSB) model and resource models of multitasking interference.
  • To examine the role of online processing capacity reallocation in multitasking performance.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two multitasking experiments comparing the psychological refractory period (PRP) and prioritized processing (PP) paradigms.
  • Compared the magnitude of the RT difference between paradigms for trials with and without a second-task stimulus.
  • Analyzed first-task reaction times (RTs) as a function of second-task stimulus presence.

Main Results:

  • The slowing of first-task RTs in the PRP paradigm relative to the PP paradigm was significantly larger when the second-task stimulus appeared.
  • This effect indicates that the RT difference cannot be fully explained by between-paradigm variations in first-task preparation alone.
  • The results suggest that differences in the online reallocation of processing capacity contribute to the observed RT differences.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the exclusive reliance on the response selection bottleneck (RSB) model for explaining multitasking interference.
  • Evidence supports resource models, highlighting the dynamic reallocation of processing capacity as a key factor in multitasking.
  • This study provides new empirical support for resource-based explanations of cognitive limitations during dual-task performance.