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Ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (USP18) is a key regulator of immune responses. This review details USP18

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The ubiquitin system is crucial for protein degradation.
  • Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) play vital roles in cellular processes.
  • USP18 (formerly UBP43) is a significant member of the USP family.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse functions of USP18.
  • To highlight USP18's role in immunological pathways.
  • To discuss USP18's involvement in pathogen control, cancer, and autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on USP18.
  • Analysis of USP18's enzymatic and signaling functions.
  • Synthesis of data on USP18's role in immunity.

Main Results:

  • USP18 acts as both an isopeptidase and an interferon signaling inhibitor.
  • USP18 modulates various immunological processes.
  • USP18 is implicated in pathogen control, cancer development, and autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions:

  • USP18 is a multifunctional protein with a significant impact on the immune system.
  • Understanding USP18's roles is critical for developing therapies for immune-related disorders.
  • USP18 acts as a central regulator ('maestro') in diverse biological pathways.