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Uptake of rotavirus vaccine among US infants at Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites

Kimberly Pringle1, Cristina V Cardemil2, Laura J Pabst2

  • 1Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Vaccine
|November 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccine (RV) uptake in US infants remains lower than other routine vaccines. Missed opportunities, not just age restrictions, contribute to this gap, highlighting a need to improve RV administration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Vaccinology
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Immunization Programs

Background:

  • Rotavirus vaccine (RV) coverage in US children lags behind other routine childhood immunizations.
  • Understanding factors influencing RV uptake is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare rotavirus vaccine (RV) uptake over time with other routine vaccinations.
  • To analyze age at administration for RV.
  • To quantify missed opportunities for RV receipt.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 6 Immunization Information System (IIS) Sentinel Sites (approx. 10% of US pediatric population).
  • Comparison of 1-dose RV uptake versus Diphtheria, Tetanus, and acellular Pertussis (DTaP) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) among 5-month-old infants (2006-2013).
  • Detailed examination of RV receipt in the 2012 birth cohort.

Main Results:

  • Average RV coverage reached 78% by 2010, stabilizing at 79-81% through 2013.
  • A consistent 6-8 percentage point gap existed between 1-dose DTaP and RV coverage from mid-2012 to 2013.
  • Two-thirds of the coverage difference is attributed to missed opportunities for initiating the RV series, with infants receiving other vaccines instead.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccine uptake in infancy continues to be lower than other routine vaccines.
  • Barriers to RV administration for age-eligible infants need further investigation to improve coverage.
  • Addressing missed opportunities is key to enhancing rotavirus vaccination rates.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childhood immunizationsGastroenteritisRotavirusRotavirus vaccineRotavirus vaccine uptakeVaccine coverage

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