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The effect of systemic inflammation on human brain barrier function.

Elliot Elwood1, Zhi Lim1, Hammad Naveed1

  • 1Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

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|November 5, 2016
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Systemic inflammation impacts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) function, particularly when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities are present. C-reactive protein is a key inflammatory marker affecting BBB integrity.

Keywords:
AlbuminBlood-brain barrierCerebrospinal fluidInfectionInflammationSystemic

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for neurological health, regulating substance passage into the brain.
  • Systemic inflammation is increasingly recognized as a factor influencing BBB integrity.
  • Previous research suggests a link between systemic inflammation and impaired BBB function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between systemic inflammatory markers and blood-brain barrier function.
  • To determine if systemic inflammation affects BBB integrity in patients with and without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1273 consecutive lumbar punctures.
  • Measurement of systemic inflammatory markers: leucocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein.
  • Assessment of BBB function using the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum albumin ratio.

Main Results:

  • Systemic inflammation did not significantly alter the CSF/serum albumin ratio in the absence of CSF abnormalities.
  • In the presence of CSF abnormalities, systemic inflammation significantly predicted the CSF/serum albumin ratio.
  • C-reactive protein was identified as the primary systemic inflammatory marker driving this effect, with temporal analysis suggesting causality.

Conclusions:

  • A diseased blood-brain barrier exhibits heightened susceptibility to systemic inflammation.
  • C-reactive protein is a significant predictor of BBB dysfunction during systemic inflammation when CSF abnormalities are present.
  • These findings highlight the intricate relationship between systemic inflammatory conditions and neurological integrity.