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This study introduces a novel method to dynamically control the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of plasmonic vortices (PVs). The research enables continuous tuning from integer to fractional OAM, advancing light-matter interaction applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Plasmonics
  • Light-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Plasmonic vortices (PVs) are crucial for light-matter interactions due to unique near-field properties.
  • Current limitations include the inability to dynamically tune the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of PVs and limited investigation into fractional PVs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate a novel method for dynamically sculpting PVs with tunable integer to fractional OAM.
  • To derive an analytical expression for fractional PVs and analyze their OAM properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the propagation-induced radial phase gradient of incident Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams.
  • Comparing the proposed method with two previously reported techniques.
  • Deriving an analytical expression for fractional PVs as a superposition of integer PVs.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a promising method to dynamically sculpt PVs with tunable OAM.
  • Identified four contributing parts to the preset OAM of PVs: incident spin and OAM, geometric contribution, and radial phase gradient contribution.
  • Derived an analytical expression for fractional PVs using Bessel functions and showed that the actual mean OAM deviates from the preset value.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method offers dynamic and continuous control over PV OAM, from integer to fractional values.
  • The derived analytical framework provides a deeper understanding of fractional PV properties.
  • This work paves the way for advanced applications utilizing precisely controlled plasmonic vortices.