Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microtubules in Signaling01:22

Microtubules in Signaling

2.2K
The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
2.2K
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

5.6K
The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
5.6K
Destabilization of Microtubules01:45

Destabilization of Microtubules

3.8K
The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
3.8K
Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments01:35

Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments

2.8K
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
2.8K
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

6.4K
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
6.4K
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

4.6K
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microstructure-based modeling of primary cilia mechanics.

Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.)·2024
Same author

Microstructure-Based Modeling of Primary Cilia Mechanics.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2023
Same author

Fluid-structure interaction modelling of neighboring tubes with primary cilium analysis.

Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE·2023
Same author

Sources of exposure identified through structured interviews of healthcare workers who test positive for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A prospective analysis at two teaching hospitals.

Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE·2022
Same author

Cluster of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infections Associated With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Water Heater Devices.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2022
Same author

Physics of martial arts: Incorporation of angular momentum to model body motion and strikes.

PloS one·2021
Same journal

Analysis of strength degradation of coal and rock masses and stability of mined areas under long term immersion environment.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Biogenic Silver-Selenium nanocomposite with anticancer activity and potent efficacy against vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Preparation and physicochemical characterization of a biodegradable chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel synthesized in NaOH/urea medium.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Action-guilt, survivor-guilt, and depression in combat-related PTSD.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Explainable machine learning for predicting activities of daily living at discharge in stroke patients: A retrospective study using SHAP interpretability.

PloS one·2026
Same journal

Deep learning based two-way feature depiction model for brain tumor detection.

PloS one·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Evaluation of Planar-Cell-Polarity Phenotypes in Ciliopathy Mouse Mutant Cochlea
07:07

Evaluation of Planar-Cell-Polarity Phenotypes in Ciliopathy Mouse Mutant Cochlea

Published on: February 21, 2016

11.1K

HIF Stabilization Weakens Primary Cilia.

Andrew Resnick1,2

  • 1Department of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.

Plos One
|November 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers found that stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) significantly weakens primary cilia. This discovery offers a potential method to alter cilia mechanical properties and their fluid flow sensing capabilities, which are implicated in diseases like Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD).

More Related Videos

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

12.0K
Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
07:26

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Evaluation of Planar-Cell-Polarity Phenotypes in Ciliopathy Mouse Mutant Cochlea
07:07

Evaluation of Planar-Cell-Polarity Phenotypes in Ciliopathy Mouse Mutant Cochlea

Published on: February 21, 2016

11.1K
Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence
08:07

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

12.0K
Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
07:26

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis

Published on: January 31, 2025

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Solitary or sensory cilia are ubiquitous cellular organelles with poorly understood functions.
  • Cilia are implicated in mechanosensation, particularly fluid flow sensing, where their physical bending triggers calcium influx and downstream signaling.
  • Defects in cilia are linked to cystic diseases, including Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), a common inherited disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for pharmacologically controlling the mechanical properties, specifically stiffness, of primary cilia.
  • To determine how altering cilia stiffness impacts their response to fluid flow and associated signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were used as a model system.
  • Cilia were subjected to pharmacological agents: Taxol (microtubule stabilizer) and CoCl2 (hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilizer).
  • Optical trapping was employed to measure the bending modulus of cilia after pharmacological treatment.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) stabilization was found to significantly weaken the mechanical properties of cilia.
  • Taxol treatment, a microtubule stabilizer, was also tested for its effect on cilia stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacological manipulation can alter the mechanical properties of primary cilia.
  • Altering cilia stiffness may provide a means to modulate their fluid flow sensing capabilities.
  • These findings could have implications for understanding and potentially treating ciliary dysfunction in diseases like ADPKD.