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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

Published on: June 23, 2013

Macrophage Polarization.

Peter J Murray¹

¹Departments of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105;

Annual Review of Physiology

|November 5, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Macrophage polarization describes how immune cells called macrophages become activated. This process is dynamic, influenced by various signals and pathways, and crucial for tissue health and repair.

Keywords:

cytokine inflammation macrophage nonresolving inflammation polarization tissue repair

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Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages

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Macrophage Differentiation and Polarization into an M2-Like Phenotype using a Human Monocyte-Like THP-1 Leukemia Cell Line

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Reprograming Model of Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages for In-vitro Assays

Reprograming Model of Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages for In-vitro Assays

Published on: April 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Macrophages are key immune cells with dynamic polarization states.
Polarization is influenced by microenvironment and external factors, not fixed.
Understanding macrophage plasticity is vital for tissue homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of macrophage polarization.
To identify key questions in macrophage activation and tissue regulation.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of current research on macrophage polarization.
Analysis of factors controlling macrophage activation and plasticity.

Main Results:

Macrophage polarization is a complex, adaptable process.
Three main pathways (epigenetic, microenvironment, extrinsic factors) govern polarization.
Advances allow for better purification, description, and manipulation of polarized macrophages.

Conclusions:

Macrophage polarization is a critical regulator of normal and damaged tissue physiology.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of activated macrophages in tissue regulation.