Mesh Removal and Selective Neurectomy for Persistent Groin Pain Following Lichtenstein Repair

Some patients with persistent inguinodynia following a Lichtenstein hernia repair fail all non-surgical treatments. Characteristics of mesh-related pain are not well described whereas a meshectomy is controversial. Aims were to define mesh-related pain symptoms, to investigate long-term effects of a meshectomy and to provide recommendations on meshectomy.

Consecutive patients undergoing open meshectomy with/without selective neurectomy for chronic inguinodynia following Lichtenstein repair were analysed including a follow-up questionnaire. Outcome measures were complications, satisfaction (excellent, good, moderate, poor) and hernia recurrence rate. Recommendations for meshectomy are proposed based on a literature review.

Seventy-four patients (67 males, median age 56 years) underwent mesh removal (exclusively mesh, 26%; combined with tailored neurectomy, 74%) between June 2006 and March 2015 in a single centre. Complications were intraoperatively recognized small bowel injury (n = 1) and testicular atrophy (n = 2). A 64% excellent/good long-term result was attained (median 18 months). Success rates of a meshectomy (63%) or combined with a neurectomy (64%) were similar. Five hernia recurrences occurred during follow-up (7%). A patient with a pure mesh-related groin pain characteristically reports a 'foreign body feeling'. Pain intensifies during hip flexion (car driving) and is attenuated following hip extension or supine position. Palpation is painful along the inguinal ligament whereas neuropathic characteristics (hyperpathic skin, trigger points) are lacking.

Mesh removal either or not combined with tailored neurectomy is beneficial in two of three patients with characteristics of mesh-related inguinodynia following Lichtenstein hernia repair who are refractory to alternative pain treatments.