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Congenital Heart Disease in Premature Infants 25-32 Weeks' Gestational Age

Patricia Y Chu1, Jennifer S Li2, Andrzej S Kosinski3

  • 1Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|November 7, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are more common in premature infants, significantly increasing their mortality risk. Early intervention and efforts to prevent premature birth are crucial for affected infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are a significant concern in neonatal care.
  • Premature infants face unique challenges, and the prevalence and impact of CHDs in this population require detailed investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the birth prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in very/extremely premature infants.
  • To compare mortality rates between premature infants with and without CHDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Kids' Inpatient Databases (2003-2012).
  • Estimated birth prevalence of CHDs (excluding PDA) in infants born between 25-32 weeks gestational age.
  • Employed multivariable logistic regression to assess mortality risks.

Main Results:

  • Identified 28,806 CHDs among 249,011 very/extremely premature infants; overall prevalence was 116 per 1000 births.
  • Severe CHDs were significantly more prevalent in premature infants (7.4 per 1000) compared to term infants (1.5 per 1000).
  • Premature infants with severe CHDs had a 26.3% in-hospital mortality and a 7.5-fold increased odds of death; mortality varied by defect type.

Conclusions:

  • Increased prevalence and mortality of severe CHDs in premature infants underscore the need for targeted interventions.
  • Intensive interventions to decrease premature delivery are warranted for pregnancies diagnosed with fetal CHD.
Abstract

Keywords:
congenital heart defectsextremely prematuremortalityvery premature

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