Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 12, 2026
06:08
Author Spotlight: Advancing Allergic Rhinitis Research with Multicolor Immunofluorescence
Published on: September 22, 2023
2.7K
Advances in rhinitis and rhinosinusitis in 2015
Claus Bachert1, Elien Gevaert2
1Upper Airways Research Laboratory and ENT-Department, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Division of ENT Diseases, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 8, 2016
Summary
Recent advancements show allergen immunotherapy can modify allergic rhinitis and prevent asthma. House dust mite immunotherapy tablets significantly reduced asthma exacerbations, offering new hope for patients.
Area of Science:
- Allergy and Immunology
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Significant progress has been made in understanding and managing upper airway diseases over the past year.
- Focus has been placed on allergic rhinitis, including disease prediction and natural course.
- New evidence highlights the disease-modifying effects of allergen immunotherapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in the understanding and management of upper airway diseases.
- To highlight the role of allergen immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis and asthma.
- To discuss novel endotyping approaches for chronic rhinosinusitis and potential therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent scientific literature on upper airway diseases.
- Analysis of studies on allergen immunotherapy, including randomized controlled trials and real-world evidence.
- Examination of novel endotyping strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis based on T helper cell biomarkers.
Main Results:
- Allergen immunotherapy demonstrates disease-modifying effects, preventing new sensitizations and asthma development.
- SQ house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy tablets proved effective in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma, reducing asthma exacerbations.
- A novel endotyping approach for chronic rhinosinusitis based on T helper cell biomarkers shows clinical relevance, linking to asthma and post-surgical recurrence.
- Severe nasal polyposis with high asthma comorbidity risk is associated with type 2 inflammation and IgE antibodies to staphylococcal superantigens.
Conclusions:
- Allergen immunotherapy is a valuable tool for managing allergic rhinitis and preventing asthma, with house dust mite immunotherapy showing significant benefits.
- Novel endotyping of chronic rhinosinusitis aids in understanding disease complexity and identifying patients at risk for asthma and recurrence.
- Emerging knowledge of type 2 mediators offers promising avenues for developing innovative interventions for severe nasal polyposis and related conditions.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview
829
Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
829
01:29Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
6.1K
The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
6.1K
01:23Chronic Pharyngitis
14.0K
Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
14.0K
01:30Epistaxis
683
Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
683
01:27Upper Respiratory Drugs: Decongestants
1.1K
Decongestants are a class of medications used primarily to alleviate nasal congestion, a common symptom resulting from allergies, colds, sinusitis, and other upper respiratory tract infections. These drugs work by activating α-adrenergic receptors, constricting small blood vessels in the nasal membranes. This action results in the opening of clogged nasal passages, thereby facilitating sinus drainage and relieving congestion.
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
Most decongestants are readily available over-the-counter in...
1.1K
01:24Nose and Nasal Cavity
14.3K
The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
14.3K