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Safety and Immunogenicity of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Preterm Infants: A Meta-Analysis

Kai Duan1, Jin Guo2, Ping Lei3

  • 1Wuhan Institute of Biological Products, Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China. duankai63@163.com.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|November 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are safe and well-tolerated in preterm infants. While immune responses may be slightly lower in preterm infants, PCV-7 demonstrates optimal immunogenicity, even in very-low-birth-weight infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Vaccinology
  • Immunology
  • Neonatal Health

Background:

  • Preterm infants represent a vulnerable population requiring specific vaccination strategies.
  • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are crucial for preventing invasive pneumococcal disease.
  • Assessing the safety and immunogenicity of PCVs in preterm infants is essential for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in preterm infants.
  • To compare vaccine responses between preterm and full-term infants.
  • To determine the efficacy of PCVs in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis was conducted.
  • Data were extracted and analyzed in accordance with the PRISM statement.
  • Included studies involved infants immunized with PCV-7, PCV-10, or PCV-13.

Main Results:

  • PCVs demonstrated a favorable safety profile in preterm infants, with risk ratios for local and systemic reactions comparable to full-term infants.
  • Genomic mean concentrations (GMCs) for several pneumococcal serotypes were lower in preterm infants compared to full-term infants, particularly for serotype 19F.
  • Immune responses, including seroconversion rates, were generally comparable between preterm and full-term infants after primary vaccination, and PCV-7 showed robust immunogenicity in VLBW infants.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm infants exhibit good tolerance to PCV-7, PCV-10, and PCV-13.
  • PCV-7 vaccination elicits an optimal immune response in preterm infants, including those with very-low-birth-weight.
  • These findings support the use of PCVs in preterm infant populations to ensure adequate protection against pneumococcal disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
Meta-analysisPneumococcal conjugate vaccinePreterm infants

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