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Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or...

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Premolar Axial Wall Height Effect on CAD/CAM Crown Retention.

C Gillette, R Buck, N DuVall

Operative Dentistry

|November 8, 2016

Summary

Reduced axial wall height in lithium disilicate crowns (0 mm) significantly decreased failure resistance. However, crowns with 1-3 mm axial wall height showed similar retention, suggesting adhesion and ideal convergence compensate for shorter walls.

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Area of Science:

Dental Materials Science
Biomaterials Engineering
Prosthodontics

Background:

All-ceramic crowns, particularly lithium disilicate, are widely used in restorative dentistry.
The preparation design, including axial wall height and total occlusal convergence, significantly influences crown retention.
Understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial for predictable clinical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of reduced axial wall height on the retention of adhesively luted, all-ceramic, lithium disilicate computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns.
To determine if an ideal total occlusal convergence of 10° can compensate for diminished axial wall height.

Main Methods:

Forty-eight premolars were prepared with axial wall heights of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mm, all with a 10° total occlusal convergence.
Lithium disilicate CAD/CAM crowns were fabricated and adhesively luted using self-etching resin cement.
Specimens were subjected to mechanical testing at a 45° angle to assess failure load, converted to MPa based on bonding area.

Main Results:

Crowns luted on preparations with 0 mm axial wall height exhibited significantly lower failure resistance compared to those with 1-3 mm axial wall height.
No significant difference in failure stress was observed between preparations with axial wall heights of 1, 2, and 3 mm.

Conclusions:

Adhesively luted lithium disilicate crowns with 1-3 mm axial wall height demonstrated comparable failure resistance when prepared with a 10° total occlusal convergence.
The findings suggest that strong adhesion and an ideal total occlusal convergence may mitigate the negative effects of reduced axial wall height on crown retention.