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Neuro-Psychological Pattern in Patients Suffering from Primitive Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Impairment in Executive

Rosa Carbonara1, Francesco Giardinelli, Annapaola Zito

  • 1Emergency and Organ Transplant Department, Cardiology Unit, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11; 70124, Bari, Italy.

Current Neurovascular Research
|November 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Primitive dilated cardiomyopathy (PDCM) may affect executive functions, but not generalized cognition. Left ventricle dilation in PDCM is linked to declines in attention and executive function.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Heart Failure Research

Background:

  • Primitive dilated cardiomyopathy (PDCM) involves progressive heart dilation and failure.
  • The link between PDCM and cognitive function, termed "cardiogenic dementia," is not fully understood.
  • Hypotheses include cerebral hypoperfusion and cardiogenic emboli as causes of cognitive impairment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of PDCM on neuropsychological decline.
  • To identify early echocardiographic markers associated with cognitive impairment in PDCM patients.

Main Methods:

  • 235 patients were enrolled: 168 with PDCM and 67 with hypertensive dilated cardiomyopathy (HTCM) as controls.
  • Participants underwent cardiology examinations and neuropsychological assessments.
  • Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in risk factors or most cardiovascular parameters were found between groups.
  • PDCM patients exhibited greater aortic root, left atrium, and left ventricle dimensions, and lower ejection fraction.
  • The Stroop Test, assessing executive and attentive functions, was significantly lower in the PDCM group (p = 0.029).
  • Left ventricle end-diastolic diameter showed an inverse relationship with Stroop Test scores (r = -0.32).

Conclusions:

  • PDCM does not appear to cause widespread cognitive or neuropsychological decline.
  • Executive functions are specifically impaired in patients with PDCM.
  • Left ventricle dilation in PDCM is associated with a decline in attentive and executive functions.

Keywords:
Primitive dilated cardiomyopathyStroop Testcardiogenic dementiacognitive impairmenthypertensive cardiomyopathyneuropsychology

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