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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Many-body physics

Background:

  • Fermions coupled to cavity modes exhibit novel quantum phenomena.
  • Raman-assisted hopping in one-dimensional lattices is a key mechanism for studying light-matter interactions.
  • Superradiance in driven open quantum systems offers pathways to directed particle flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the superradiant phase and particle flow in a one-dimensional lattice model.
  • Explore the effects of finite lattice size and boundaries on nonequilibrium dynamics.
  • Characterize the steady-state properties in the presence of cavity fluctuations.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of gauge-coupled fermions in a cavity.
  • Analysis of Raman-assisted hopping in a one-dimensional lattice.
  • Nonequilibrium dynamical simulations including fluctuation effects.

Main Results:

  • An infinite lattice exhibits a superradiant phase with a low pumping threshold, driving directed particle flow.
  • Finite lattices display short-time dynamics dominated by superradiance and long-time behavior governed by cavity fluctuations.
  • The steady state in finite lattices is non-unique and characterized by coherent bosonic excitations.

Conclusions:

  • Superradiance in driven fermionic systems can establish directed particle flow.
  • Cavity fluctuations play a crucial role in determining the long-time steady-state behavior of finite systems.
  • The unique steady states are linked to emergent bosonic excitations above the Fermi surface.