Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Laminotomy for Lumbar Dorsal Root Ganglion Access and Injection in Swine
Published on: October 10, 2017
Liza Maniquis Smigel1, Kenneth Dean Reeves2, Howard Jeffrey Rosen3
1Private Practice PM&R and Pain Management, Hawaii, USA.
A vertical small-needle injection technique for caudal epidural steroid therapy demonstrated a 90% success rate without intravascular injection, offering a safe and effective alternative for chronic low back pain management.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: