Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators01:18

Antiepileptic Drugs: GABAergic Pathway Potentiators

1.5K
γ-aminobutyric acid or GABA, plays a pivotal role as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA pathway potentiators, also known as GABAergic drugs, are a class of pharmaceutical agents designed to enhance the functioning of the GABAergic system. These medications primarily treat epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
The key GABA pathway potentiators used in epilepsy management are as follows.
Benzodiazepines are a well-known class of drugs used for...
1.5K
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

4.5K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
4.5K
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters01:29

Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters

14.2K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
14.2K
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

7.4K
A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
7.4K
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

1.1K
Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Administration Decreases Deviance Detection Responses at the Cellular, Population- and Mesoscale Levels.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same author

Cost analysis of hospitalized children suspected of rare genetic diseases.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2026
Same author

Cell Type-Specific mTORC1 Signaling and Translational Control in Synaptic Plasticity and Memory.

Journal of neurochemistry·2025
Same author

CUL1 variants cause severe neurodevelopmental disorders: Insights from human genetics and a zebrafish model of microcephaly.

HGG advances·2025
Same author

Dynamic and Homeostatic Neuron-Astrocyte Interactions at GABAergic Synapses.

Neurochemical research·2025
Same author

Mono-allelic p.R37H Dehydrodolichyl Diphosphate Synthase variants lead to protein glycosylation defects, aberrant lipid profiles and interneuron scarcity in a novel mouse model of progressive epileptic encephalopathy.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same journal

Chlorinated VSLSs Surpass HCFCs in CFC-11-Equivalent Emissions for Ozone Layer Depletion in China.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Charge transfer in triphenylamine-tetrazine covalent organic frameworks for solar-driven hydrogen peroxide production.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Vegetation browning patterns under compound soil and atmospheric dryness in northern permafrost ecosystems.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Voltage imaging of CA1 pyramidal cells and SST+ interneurons reveals stability and plasticity mechanisms of spatial firing.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Radical-omics reveals the hydrogen-abstraction pathway of isoprene oxidation.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Toughening elastomer via sequentially activated multi-pathway energy dissipation.

Nature communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
07:44

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

18.3K

Decrease of SYNGAP1 in GABAergic cells impairs inhibitory synapse connectivity, synaptic inhibition and cognitive

Martin H Berryer1,2, Bidisha Chattopadhyaya1,2, Paul Xing1,2

  • 1Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7.

Nature Communications
|November 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Haploinsufficiency of the SynGAP1 gene impairs cognition by affecting GABAergic neuron development. This study reveals SynGAP1

More Related Videos

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors
07:51

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors

Published on: November 14, 2014

18.0K
A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes
06:43

A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes

Published on: February 5, 2018

12.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices
07:44

Evaluation of Synapse Density in Hippocampal Rodent Brain Slices

Published on: October 6, 2017

18.3K
Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors
07:51

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors

Published on: November 14, 2014

18.0K
A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes
06:43

A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes

Published on: February 5, 2018

12.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Haploinsufficiency of the SYNGAP1 gene impairs cognition.
  • Previous studies linked SYNGAP1 to glutamatergic neurotransmission and excitatory synapse maturation.
  • The role of SYNGAP1 in cortical GABAergic circuits is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of SYNGAP1 in the development and function of cortical GABAergic circuits.
  • To determine if SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency affects GABAergic neuron connectivity and activity.

Main Methods:

  • Studied SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency in mouse models.
  • Examined the formation of perisomatic innervations by parvalbumin-positive basket cells.
  • Assessed GABAergic cell connectivity, inhibitory synaptic activity, and gamma oscillation power.

Main Results:

  • SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency reduced perisomatic innervations by parvalbumin-positive basket cells in a cell-autonomous manner.
  • Impaired GABAergic cell connectivity and reduced inhibitory synaptic activity were observed.
  • Cortical gamma oscillation power was decreased, and cognitive deficits were present.

Conclusions:

  • SYNGAP1 plays a critical role in the function of cortical GABAergic circuits.
  • SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency in GABAergic circuits contributes to cognitive deficits.
  • These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for SYNGAP1-associated cognitive impairments.