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Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

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In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay
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Dicotyledon Weed Quantification Algorithm for Selective Herbicide Application in Maize Crops.

Morten Stigaard Laursen1, Rasmus Nyholm Jørgensen2, Henrik Skov Midtiby3

  • 1Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark. msl@eng.au.dk.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Stricter EU herbicide regulations prompted research into reducing usage. This study adapted an algorithm for real-time grid spraying, achieving 65% herbicide savings in maize without impacting weed control effectiveness.

Keywords:
grid sprayerherbicide reductionmonocot and dicot coverage ratio vision (MoDiCoVi)site specificsprayer boomweed crop discrimination

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Science
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • European Union regulations on leaching herbicides increase agricultural economic burden.
  • Research is prompted to reduce herbicide usage due to increased economic pressure.
  • High-resolution digital imaging aids in analyzing plant characteristics for weed identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Adapt the monocot and dicot coverage ratio vision (MoDiCoVi) algorithm to estimate dicotyledon leaf cover.
  • Implement real-time grid spraying for targeted herbicide application.
  • Quantify potential herbicide savings in maize cultivation.

Main Methods:

  • An automated, large-scale field trial was conducted using the Armadillo autonomous tool carrier robot.
  • The trial involved 299 maize plots, with half containing seeded weeds and the other half naturally occurring weeds.
  • The MoDiCoVi algorithm was adapted for real-time dicotyledon leaf cover estimation and grid spraying control.

Main Results:

  • The adapted MoDiCoVi algorithm enabled precise weed identification and density estimation at a sub-patch level.
  • Real-time grid spraying was performed based on the algorithm's estimations.
  • In-situ evaluation demonstrated a 65% reduction in herbicide usage compared to conventional broadcast spraying.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method significantly reduces herbicide application in maize.
  • Targeted spraying based on image analysis is effective in controlling weeds without compromising biological effect.
  • This approach offers a viable solution to mitigate the economic burden of herbicide regulations in agriculture.