Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...

UV–Vis Spectrometers

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.

Determination of Crystal Structures

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

Precipitation Gravimetry

Precipitation Gravimetry

Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Characterization of novel human intragenic antimicrobial peptides, incorporation and release studies from ureasil-polyether hybrid matrix.

Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications·2020

Same author

Relative quantification of plasma N-glycans in type II congenital disorder of glycosylation patients by mass spectrometry.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry·2019

Same author

Diffractive refractometer for liquid characterization and transient processes monitoring.

The Review of scientific instruments·2017

Same author

Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma from locally-adapted "Curraleiro Pé-Duro bulls" (Bos taurus): identifying biomarkers involved in sperm physiology in endangered animals for conservation of biodiversity.

Animal reproduction science·2017

Same author

Quality improvement and geographical indication of cachaça (Brazilian spirit) by using locally selected yeast strains.

Journal of applied microbiology·2016

Same author

Modification of trout sperm membranes associated with activation and cryopreservation. Implications for fertilizing potential.

Cryobiology·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Published on: August 30, 2012

Immersed diffraction grating refractometers of liquids.

L F G Dib, E A Barbosa

|November 10, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Two new liquid refractometers using diffraction gratings were developed. These instruments achieve high precision for measuring liquid refractive indices, outperforming a commercial Abbe refractometer in tests.

More Related Videos

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Published on: August 30, 2012

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopic Identification of Dispersant/Particle Bonding Mechanisms in Functional Inks

Published on: May 8, 2015

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Analytical Chemistry
Instrument Development

Background:

Refractive index measurement is crucial for chemical analysis and material characterization.
Existing refractometry methods have limitations in precision or complexity.
Diffraction gratings offer a novel approach for optical measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate novel liquid refractometers based on reflective diffraction gratings.
To compare the performance of two distinct designs (DR-1 and DR-2) against each other and a commercial standard.
To assess the precision and applicability of the developed refractometers for aqueous solutions.

Main Methods:

Construction of two liquid refractometers (DR-1 and DR-2) utilizing immersed reflective diffraction gratings.
A specific grating orientation was employed to enable refractive index determination via diffraction angle measurement.
Experimental validation involved measuring refractive indices of sugar and NaCl aqueous solutions.

Main Results:

The developed diffractive refractometers (DR-1 and DR-2) were successfully constructed and tested.
Achieved precisions of 10⁻⁵ for DR-1 and 10⁻⁴ for DR-2.
Demonstrated comparable or superior performance to a commercial Abbe refractometer for specific solution measurements.

Conclusions:

The developed diffractive refractometers offer a viable and precise method for liquid refractive index measurement.
The design utilizing a reflective diffraction grating is effective for analytical applications.
Further development could enhance the capabilities and applications of this refractometry technique.