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Highly efficient heralded single-photon source for telecom wavelengths based on a PPLN waveguide.

Matthias Bock, Andreas Lenhard, Christopher Chunnilall

    Optics Express
    |November 10, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a highly efficient photon pair source using spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) in a waveguide, ideal for quantum communication. This source achieves high conversion and heralding efficiencies, demonstrating excellent single-photon properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Integrated photonics
    • Quantum communication

    Background:

    • Spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) is a key nonlinear optical process for generating entangled photon pairs.
    • Periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides offer efficient platforms for nonlinear optical processes due to their high nonlinear coefficients and confinement.
    • Efficient and high-quality photon pair sources are crucial for advancing quantum communication technologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To realize a highly efficient photon pair source utilizing SPDC in a PPLN ridge waveguide.
    • To demonstrate the suitability of the source for long-distance quantum communication by operating in the O- and C- telecommunication bands.
    • To characterize the source's efficiency and single-photon properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a PPLN ridge waveguide for SPDC.
    • Characterization of photon pair generation via SPDC.
    • Measurement of conversion efficiency and heralding efficiency.
    • Verification of heralded single-photon properties using photon statistics (Click/No-Click) and the second-order correlation function (g(2)-function).

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a conversion efficiency of 4 × 10-6, among the highest reported.
    • Obtained a heralding efficiency of 64.1 ± 2.1%.
    • Confirmed heralded single-photon nature with a minimum g(2)(0) value of 0.001 ± 0.0003, indicating strong antibunching.
    • Photon pairs generated at telecommunication wavelengths (1312 nm and 1557 nm) suitable for O- and C- bands.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PPLN waveguide SPDC source is highly efficient and suitable for long-distance quantum communication.
    • The demonstrated low g(2)(0) value confirms the source's capability for generating pure single photons.
    • This work contributes a robust source for practical quantum networking and information processing applications.