Interference data correction methods for lunar observation with a large-aperture static imaging spectrometer.

Area of Science:

• Astronomy and Astrophysics
• Optical Engineering
• Remote Sensing

Background:

• The lunar spectrum is vital for radiometric calibration and stability monitoring of spaceborne optical sensors.
• Ground-based large-aperture static image spectrometers (LASIS) can capture lunar spectral images for lunar radiance model refinement.
• Inconsistent lunar orbital motion complicates data acquisition for instruments like LASIS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop robust methods for extracting accurate interferograms from lunar spectral data acquired by LASIS.
• To address challenges posed by the moon's varying scanning speed and direction relative to the instrument.
• To enhance the precision of lunar radiance models through improved spectral data processing.

Main Methods:

• A translation correction method utilizing image correlation to register frames against a reference frame, minimizing cumulative errors.
• A circle-matching-based approach specifically designed for high-accuracy observations during full moon phases.
• Experimental validation using real lunar observation data to assess performance.

Main Results:

• The proposed translation correction method effectively registers sequential frames, reducing positional inaccuracies.
• The circle-matching approach significantly enhances accuracy, particularly for full moon observations.
• Experimental results demonstrate superior performance compared to existing state-of-the-art techniques.

Conclusions:

• The developed image correlation and circle-matching techniques provide effective solutions for processing lunar spectral data from ground-based instruments.
• These methods enable more accurate lunar radiance model improvements by overcoming challenges associated with lunar motion.
• The findings support the use of LASIS for precise radiometric calibration and sensor monitoring through enhanced lunar observation data processing.