Gallbladder cancer: South American experience
Gerardo F Arroyo1, Alberto Gentile2, Luis A Parada3
1ILOGI (Latin-American Gastrointestinal Oncology Intergroup), Independencia 1167, San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina. arroyog@ilogi.com.ar.
Chinese Clinical Oncology
|November 11, 2016
Summary
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) disproportionately affects women in South America, with high mortality rates. Unique regional factors and genetic profiles necessitate further research into risk factors and novel treatments for this lethal disease.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Translational Research
Background:
- Gallbladder cancer (GBC) exhibits significant global variations in incidence and mortality.
- South America presents unique epidemiological characteristics for GBC, particularly in western regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the epidemiology, research, and clinical trials of GBC in South America.
- To critically assess the scale of the GBC health problem in the region.
Main Methods:
- Literature survey of epidemiological data.
- Review of basic, translational, and clinical research on GBC in South America.
Main Results:
- High age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) for GBC in women in western South America.
- Potential contributions of genetic, dietary, and environmental factors to GBC pathogenesis.
- Slightly different profiles of KRAS and TP53 gene abnormalities compared to other regions.
- Median overall survival (OS) for advanced GBC is 6.5–8 months.
- Prophylactic cholecystectomy is common in western South America.
Conclusions:
- GBC is a significant public health issue in South America, predominantly affecting women.
- The disease exhibits regional peculiarities, underscoring the need for further investigation.
- Urgent research is required to identify risk factors, molecular drivers, and improved therapeutic strategies for GBC.
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