Optic nerve glioma with complete intraocular extension

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Neurology
• Oncology

Background:

• Optic nerve glioma (ONG) is a rare tumor, often associated with neurofibromatosis.
• Intraocular extension of ONG is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

• A 44-year-old male presented with vision loss and proptosis.
• Imaging revealed optic nerve enlargement and vitreous cavity filling by tumor, without intracranial extension.
• The patient did not exhibit signs of neurofibromatosis.

Findings:

• Histopathology confirmed optic nerve glioma with extensive intraocular spread.
• The tumor filled the vitreous cavity, originating from the optic nerve.
• No evidence of simultaneous intracranial involvement was found.

Implications:

• This case demonstrates that optic nerve glioma can present with total intraocular extension.
• It highlights the importance of considering intraocular involvement in ONG, even without systemic signs.
• Further research into rare presentations of ONG is warranted for improved diagnosis and management.