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Molecular Communication from Skeletal Muscle to Bone: A Review for Muscle-Derived Myokines Regulating Bone Metabolism
Baosheng Guo1, Zong-Kang Zhang2, Chao Liang1
1Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Abstract:
Besides the mechanical loading-dependent paradigm, skeletal muscle also serves as an endocrine organ capable of secreting cytokines to modulate bone metabolism. In this review, we focused on reviewing the myokines involved in communication from skeletal muscle to bone, i.e. (1) myostatin and myostatin-binding proteins including follistatin and decorin, (2) interleukins including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), (3) insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and its binding proteins, (4) other myokines including PGC-1α-irisin system and osteoglycin (OGN). To better understand the molecular communication from skeletal muscle to bone, we have summarized the recent advances in muscle-derived cytokines regulating bone metabolism in this review.
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