Growth, lung function, and physical activity in schoolchildren who were very-low-birth-weight preterm infants

Aline Dill Winck1,2, João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho3, Deise Schumann4

  • 1Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (RS) Brasil.

Insights

Very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) showed similar growth and lung function to normal-birth-weight peers. Physical activity levels were also comparable, suggesting prematurity does not impact these outcomes in later childhood.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Prematurity and low birth weight can impact long-term child development.
  • Understanding the effects of very-low-birth-weight preterm birth on school-aged children is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare somatic growth, lung function, and physical activity levels in schoolchildren born as very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) versus normal-birth-weight full-term infants.

Main Methods:

  • Two groups of 8–11-year-old schoolchildren were recruited: VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g) and controls (birth weight ≥ 2,500 g).
  • Data collected included anthropometrics, spirometry, physical activity questionnaires, and perinatal/neonatal records for VLBWPIs.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function between the VLBWPI and control groups.
  • No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function in the VLBWPI group.
  • The VLBWPI group exhibited a trend towards slightly higher physical activity levels, though not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • In this cohort, prematurity and very-low-birth-weight do not appear to negatively affect somatic growth or lung function in school-aged children.
  • Physical activity levels were also comparable between groups, indicating no significant impact from birth status.
Abstract

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