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Growth, lung function, and physical activity in schoolchildren who were very-low-birth-weight preterm infants
Aline Dill Winck1,2, João Paulo Heinzmann-Filho3, Deise Schumann4
1Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul (RS) Brasil.
Insights
Very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) showed similar growth and lung function to normal-birth-weight peers. Physical activity levels were also comparable, suggesting prematurity does not impact these outcomes in later childhood.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Neonatology
- Public Health
Background:
- Prematurity and low birth weight can impact long-term child development.
- Understanding the effects of very-low-birth-weight preterm birth on school-aged children is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare somatic growth, lung function, and physical activity levels in schoolchildren born as very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) versus normal-birth-weight full-term infants.
Main Methods:
- Two groups of 8–11-year-old schoolchildren were recruited: VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g) and controls (birth weight ≥ 2,500 g).
- Data collected included anthropometrics, spirometry, physical activity questionnaires, and perinatal/neonatal records for VLBWPIs.
Main Results:
- No significant differences were observed in anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function between the VLBWPI and control groups.
- No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function in the VLBWPI group.
- The VLBWPI group exhibited a trend towards slightly higher physical activity levels, though not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- In this cohort, prematurity and very-low-birth-weight do not appear to negatively affect somatic growth or lung function in school-aged children.
- Physical activity levels were also comparable between groups, indicating no significant impact from birth status.
Objective::
To compare somatic growth, lung function, and level of physical activity in schoolchildren who had been very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (VLBWPIs) or normal-birth-weight full-term infants.
Methods::
We recruited two groups of schoolchildren between 8 and 11 years of age residing in the study catchment area: those who had been VLBWPIs (birth weight < 1,500 g); and those who had been normal-birth-weight full-term infants (controls, birth weight ≥ 2,500 g). Anthropometric and spirometric data were collected from the schoolchildren, who also completed a questionnaire regarding their physical activity. In addition, data regarding the perinatal and neonatal period were collected from the medical records of the VLBWPIs.
Results::
Of the 93 schoolchildren screened, 48 and 45 were in the VLBWPI and control groups, respectively. No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anthropometric characteristics, nutritional status, or pulmonary function. No associations were found between perinatal/neonatal variables and lung function parameters in the VLBWPI group. Although the difference was not significant, the level of physical activity was slightly higher in the VLBWPI group than in the control group.
Conclusions::
Among the schoolchildren evaluated here, neither growth nor lung function appear to have been affected by prematurity birth weight, or level of physical activity.
Objetivo::
Comparar o crescimento somático, a função pulmonar e o nível de atividade física entre escolares nascidos prematuros com muito baixo peso e escolares nascidos a termo e com peso adequado.
MéTodos::
Foram recrutados escolares com idade de 8 a 11 anos residentes na mesma área de abrangência do estudo: prematuros e com peso < 1.500 g e controles (nascidos a termo e com peso ≥ 2.500 g). Foram obtidas medidas antropométricas e espirométricas e aplicado um questionário sobre a atividade física. Além disso, foram coletadas informações do período perinatal/neonatal dos recém-nascidos com muito baixo peso (RNMBP) de seus prontuários médicos.
Resultados::
Dos 93 escolares avaliados, 48 crianças no grupo RNMBP e 45 no grupo controle. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação às características antropométricas e nutricionais ou aos parâmetros de função pulmonar. Não foram encontradas associações entre as variáveis perinatais/neonatais e parâmetros da função pulmonar dos escolares no grupo RNMBP. Embora sem diferença significativa em relação aos níveis de atividade física, o grupo RNMBP apresentou uma tendência de ser mais ativo que o grupo controle.
ConclusõEs::
Nos escolares aqui estudados o crescimento e a função pulmonar parecem não ser afetados por prematuridade, peso ao nascimento ou nível de atividade física.
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