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Depression among institutionalized aged: assessment and prevalence estimation.

P A Parmelee1, I R Katz, M P Lawton

  • 1Philadelphia Geriatric Center.

Journal of Gerontology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Depression is common in aged residents, with 12.4% experiencing major depression and many more showing minor depressive symptoms. Cognitive impairment often co-occurred with depression in this elderly population.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Depression and cognitive impairment are prevalent in aged populations.
  • Understanding the prevalence and relationship between these conditions in institutionalized elderly is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen nursing home and congregate apartment residents for depression and cognitive impairment.
  • To determine the prevalence of major and minor depressive syndromes.
  • To examine the relationship between depression and cognitive status.

Main Methods:

  • Survey screening of 708 residents for depressive symptoms and cognitive deficits.
  • Comparison of self-reports with interviewer and staff ratings.
  • Validation against medical records and clinical diagnoses.

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Main Results:

  • 12.4% met criteria for major depression; half had cognitive deficits.
  • 30.5% reported marked depressive symptoms (minor depression), more common in congregate housing.
  • Depression prevalence was higher in newly admitted residents.
  • Self-reports of depression were consistent and correlated with observer ratings, regardless of cognitive status.
  • Screening measures showed good concurrent validity with clinical diagnoses.

Conclusions:

  • Depression is a significant issue in institutionalized elderly, often co-occurring with cognitive impairment.
  • Screening tools demonstrated validity for identifying depression in this population.
  • Findings highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions in aged care settings.