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Traffic Management for Emergency Vehicle Priority Based on Visual Sensing.

Kapileswar Nellore1, Gerhard P Hancke2,3

  • 1Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa. u15342396@tuks.co.za.

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Summary

This study introduces a new system for prioritizing emergency vehicles in traffic using visual sensing and a novel communication protocol (PE-MAC). The system reduces emergency vehicle delays, improving response times and saving lives.

Keywords:
VANETsaudio visual sensingdistance measurement techniquesemergency vehicleprioritytraffic lightstraffic monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Intelligent Transportation Systems
  • Wireless Sensor Networks
  • Traffic Management

Background:

  • Increasing vehicular traffic causes congestion, delaying emergency vehicles.
  • Current traffic light systems do not prioritize emergency vehicles.
  • Delays for emergency vehicles can lead to loss of life and property.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient approach for scheduling emergency vehicles in traffic.
  • To reduce the transmission delay of emergency vehicle data to the Traffic Management Center (TMC).
  • To improve the response time of emergency vehicles.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing visual sensing for distance measurement (Euclidean, Manhattan, Canberra) between emergency vehicles and intersections.
  • Developing a modified Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol (PE-MAC) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).
  • Simulating a Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) model in NS-2 to compare PE-MAC with IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 802.15.4.

Main Results:

  • Euclidean distance measurement was found to be superior for calculating emergency vehicle proximity.
  • The proposed PE-MAC protocol significantly reduced average end-to-end delay, improved throughput, and lowered energy consumption compared to IEEE 802.11p.
  • PE-MAC demonstrated superior performance over IEEE 802.15.4 and EBSS in delivering emergency messages with less delay.

Conclusions:

  • The PE-MAC protocol effectively prioritizes emergency vehicle data, ensuring timely delivery to the TMC.
  • The developed system offers an intelligent solution for urban traffic management, enhancing emergency response.
  • This research contributes to saving lives and property through optimized emergency vehicle transit.