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Assessing the risk of intussusception and rotavirus vaccine safety in Canada

Steven Hawken1,2, Robin Ducharme1, Laura C Rosella3,4

  • 1a Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Clinical Epidemiology Program , Ottawa , Ontario , Canada.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|November 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study found no change in infant intussusception hospitalization rates in Canada after rotavirus immunization programs were introduced. The incidence remained stable, indicating no increased risk associated with the vaccine.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Vaccine Safety Research
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Intussusception is a rare adverse event reported after rotavirus immunization.
  • Understanding the incidence of intussusception is crucial for vaccine safety monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of intussusception among Canadian infants before and after the introduction of rotavirus immunization programs.
  • To assess potential changes in intussusception rates linked to rotavirus vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) for hospitalization data from 2003-2013.
  • Included infants under 1 year of age diagnosed with intussusception (ICD-10: K56.1, ICD-9: 560).
  • Employed Poisson regression models to compare pre- and post-vaccination rates, adjusting for demographic and temporal factors.

Main Results:

  • Annual intussusception hospitalization rates ranged from 20-30 per 100,000 infants, showing no significant time trend.
  • Rates were highest in infants aged 4 to <8 months and lowest in those under 2 months or 10 to <12 months.
  • Post-vaccination rate (22.4/100,000) was comparable to the pre-vaccination rate (23.4/100,000), with no statistically significant difference.

Conclusions:

  • Established baseline intussusception hospitalization rates in Canadian infants.
  • Found no evidence of a change in intussusception hospitalization rates following the implementation of routine rotavirus immunization programs.
  • The study supports the continued safety profile of rotavirus immunization in Canada regarding intussusception risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Rotavirus vaccineadverse events following immunizationhealth administrative datahealth services researchintussusceptionpost-marketing surveillancevaccine safety

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