Bone marrow progenitor cells induce a regulatory autologous proliferative T lymphocyte response

The proliferative response of human T lymphocytes to autologous bone marrow progenitor cells was studied by in vitro coculture in autologous serum. Irradiated enriched bone marrow progenitor cells induced the proliferation of cocultured peripheral blood T cells, with maximal proliferation at 8 days and stimulator:proliferator ratios of 1/1. This autologous proliferative T lymphocyte response was completely abrogated by the inclusion of anti-HLA-DR, anti-CD2, or anti LFA-3 antibodies into the coculture, and partially inhibited by anti-CD4. Repetitive stimulation with autologous progenitors at days 14 and 28 expanded and further enriched the autoreactive T cells, which proliferated specifically in the presence of autologous progenitors. When incubated for 12 h with bone marrow before short term hematopoietic culture, these autoreactive T cells inhibited hematopoiesis 60 to 100%. These data indicate that a subset of T lymphocytes recognize proliferating hematopoietic progenitors and regulate the growth and differentiation of normal bone marrow cells.