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Low serum vitamin D levels and anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A case-control study
Yaqing Shu1, Qingmei Su2, Siyuan Liao1
1Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
Background:
Low vitamin D levels are associated with autoimmunity, but the relationship with anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is unknown.
Methods:
25(OH) D levels and clinical and cerebrospinal fluid parameters were evaluated in 30 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and compared with 90 age-, sex-, and season-matched healthy controls.
Results:
25(OH)D levels were lower in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis compared to controls (43.89 ± 17.91 vs 64.24 ± 24.38 nmol/L, p < 0.001), especially for females (vs males, p = 0.008), aged ≤30 years (vs > 30 years, p = 0.002), severe impairment (mRS ≥ 5) (vs mRS < 5, p = 0.018), and limited treatment responses (vs favorable treatment, p = 0.02). Serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with age (r = 0.393, p = 0.032), and mRS (r = -0.417, p = 0.022).
Conclusions:
Our data showed that serum 25(OH)D levels were reduced in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Insights
Low vitamin D levels are linked to anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels compared to healthy controls.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Low vitamin D levels are associated with various autoimmune conditions.
- The specific relationship between vitamin D status and anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate serum 25(OH)D levels in patients diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
- To compare vitamin D levels between patients and healthy controls and explore potential correlations with clinical parameters.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 30 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 90 matched healthy controls.
- Measurement of serum 25(OH)D levels.
- Comparison of clinical and cerebrospinal fluid parameters between groups.
Main Results:
- Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis exhibited significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels compared to controls (p < 0.001).
- Lower vitamin D levels were particularly noted in females, individuals aged ≤30 years, those with severe impairment (mRS ≥ 5), and those with limited treatment responses.
- Serum 25(OH)D levels correlated with patient age and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores.
Conclusions:
- Serum 25(OH)D levels are reduced in individuals suffering from anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
- Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis or severity of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
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