The Analysis of CD83 Expression on Human Immune Cells Identifies a Unique CD83+-Activated T Cell Population

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Cell Biology

Background:

• CD83 is an Ig superfamily member, identified in activated lymphocytes.
• It serves as a key marker for activated human dendritic cells (DC).
• Soluble CD83 isoforms in serum may possess immunosuppressive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate CD83 expression across diverse human immune cell types.
• To analyze CD83 expression before and after immune cell activation.
• To explore the biological roles of CD83 in immune responses.

Main Methods:

• Utilized mouse and human anti-human CD83 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with distinct binding properties.
• Examined both cytoplasmic and surface CD83 expression.
• Analyzed CD83 glycosylation, mRNA isoforms, and soluble forms.

Main Results:

• Differential expression of CD83, its isoforms, and glycosylation patterns were observed in blood DC, monocytes, and T cells.
• A distinct T cell population expressing surface CD83 was identified upon stimulation, particularly during viral antigen challenge.
• CD83 expression increased on T cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) in patients with graft-versus-host disease.

Conclusions:

• CD83 exhibits differential expression and function across human immune cells.
• The findings suggest potential therapeutic applications for CD83 in transplantation, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases.