Parity differences in the behavior of transition dairy cows

Area of Science:

• Animal Behavior
• Dairy Science
• Reproductive Management

Background:

• Cows undergo significant physiological and environmental changes during the transition period (pre- and post-calving).
• Primiparous cows, experiencing this period for the first time, may face unique challenges compared to multiparous cows.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare feeding, social, exploratory, and lying behaviors between primiparous and multiparous dairy cows.
• To identify behavioral differences that may inform management strategies for primiparous cows.

Main Methods:

• Thirty-eight primiparous and 62 multiparous cows were observed in mixed-parity groups.
• Behavioral data (feeding, lying, exploration) were collected using electronic feed bins from 3 weeks pre- to 3 weeks post-calving.

Main Results:

• Primiparous cows showed lower dry matter intake, spent more time feeding, ate slower, and visited feeders more frequently.
• Primiparous cows explored their environment more and were replaced at feeders more often than multiparous cows.
• While primiparous cows lay down more frequently, their total lying time was similar to multiparous cows.

Conclusions:

• Significant behavioral differences exist between primiparous and multiparous cows during the transition period.
• Primiparous cows may benefit from tailored management strategies to address their unique behavioral responses to calving and lactation onset.