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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

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Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion,...
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

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Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
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Exercise Stress Test01:26

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Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
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An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
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Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
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Related Experiment Video

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Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
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Transthoracic echocardiogram in syncope patients with normal initial evaluation.

Sang-Kyoon Han1, Seok-Ran Yeom1, Sung-Hwa Lee1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|November 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) is beneficial for syncope patients over 59, with abnormal ECG, or elevated BNP. Otherwise, TTE is not recommended for patients without initial risk factors, improving diagnostic efficiency.

Keywords:
EchocardiogramElectrocardiogramSyncope

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Syncope evaluation often includes transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), despite its low diagnostic yield.
  • Determining the utility of TTE in specific syncope patient groups is crucial for optimizing diagnostic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the benefit of TTE in syncope patients without initial abnormalities.
  • To identify clinical factors predicting abnormal TTE findings in syncope evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled 241 emergency department patients presenting with syncope.
  • Analyzed TTE results based on the presence of risk factors for cardiogenic syncope during initial evaluation.
  • Utilized logistic regression to identify independent predictors of TTE abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Among 115 patients with risk factors, 27.8% had abnormal TTE findings.
  • Only 2.1% of 126 patients without risk factors showed TTE abnormalities.
  • Independent predictors for abnormal TTE included age >59 years, abnormal ECG, and BNP >100 pg/mL.

Conclusions:

  • TTE may benefit syncope patients older than 59 years, with abnormal ECG, or elevated BNP.
  • Deferring TTE in patients lacking initial risk factors can improve resource allocation and diagnostic focus.