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Surgery and human immunodeficiency virus disease.

K A Scannell1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Surgery and anesthesia do not appear to worsen immune deficiency in people with human immunodeficiency virus disease (HIVD). Current evidence suggests surgical interventions are safe for HIVD patients, challenging preconceived notions about adverse outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Surgical Science
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease (HIVD) often require surgical evaluation.
  • Physicians may hesitate to recommend surgery due to fears of contagion and potential adverse effects on HIVD immunodeficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulating effects of surgery and anesthesia in people with HIVD.
  • To evaluate the safety and outcomes of surgical interventions in HIVD populations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the immunomodulating effects of surgery and anesthesia.
  • Analysis of clinical studies involving surgical interventions in patients with HIVD.

Main Results:

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  • No studies specifically investigated immunomodulating effects of surgery/anesthesia in HIVD.
  • Existing studies do not clearly demonstrate adverse outcomes solely attributable to surgery in HIVD patients.
  • Surgery and anesthesia cause transient immune alterations in non-HIVD populations, rarely leading to adverse outcomes.

    • Conclusions:

    • The notion that surgery significantly worsens immunologic competence in HIVD patients is not supported by current evidence.
    • Transient immune alterations from surgery/anesthesia are unlikely to cause sustained detriment in HIVD.
    • Further rational exploration and study of surgical interventions in HIVD are warranted.