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Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Complex Systems
  • Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Real-world networks exhibit interdependence, posing challenges for robust system design.
  • Geographic proximity often dictates interconnections due to cost, influencing network robustness.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on one-to-one interdependencies, neglecting more complex relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate novel network interconnection topologies for interdependent systems.
  • To incorporate geographic node location into the design of robust interdependent networks.
  • To assess the impact of interconnection structure on network resilience against cascading failures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of random geographic graph and relative neighborhood graph topologies.
  • Derivation of average interdependent links for comparative analysis.
  • Evaluation of network robustness against cascading failures using real-world network data.

Main Results:

  • The proposed topologies, considering geographic proximity and many-to-one dependencies, offer a framework for robust network interconnections.
  • Analysis reveals the impact of interconnection structure on interdependent network robustness.
  • The Italian Internet and electric transmission network serve as a case study for validation.

Conclusions:

  • Geographic considerations and flexible dependency structures are crucial for designing resilient interdependent networks.
  • The proposed topologies provide a method for enhancing network robustness against cascading failures.
  • A novel robustness metric, based on the largest mutually connected component, effectively quantifies early-stage network damage.