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Related Concept Videos

Pinocytosis00:38

Pinocytosis

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Cells use energy-requiring bulk transport mechanisms to transfer large particles or large numbers of small particles into or out of the cell. The cells envelop the particles in spherical membranes called vesicles or vacuoles. Vesicles that transport material into the cell are built from the cell membrane. These vesicles encapsulate external molecules and transport them into the cell in a process called endocytosis.
Pinocytosis ("cellular drinking") is one of three main types of...
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Pinocytosis00:43

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Cells use energy-requiring bulk transport mechanisms to transfer large particles, or large amounts of small particles, into or out of the cell. The cells envelop the particles in spherical membranes called vesicles or vacuoles. Vesicles that transport material into the cell are built from the cell membrane. These vesicles encapsulate external molecules and transport them into the cell in a process called endocytosis.
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Phagocytosis00:41

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis ("cellular eating") is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects, such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Phagocytosis00:41

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Cells pull particles inward and engulf them in spherical vesicles in an energy-requiring process called endocytosis. Phagocytosis (“cellular eating”) is one of three major types of endocytosis. Cells use phagocytosis to take in large objects—such as other cells (or their debris), bacteria, and even viruses.
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Diversity of Protists II01:27

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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

High-throughput Measurement of Dictyostelium discoideum Macropinocytosis by Flow Cytometry
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Podocyturia: What is in a name?

Hernán Trimarchi1

  • 1Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine
|November 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Podocyturia, the presence of viable podocytes in urine, can signal kidney disease and precede proteinuria. Quantifying urinary podocytes may improve clinical interpretation and patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Podocytes are crucial, non-dividing cells in the kidney glomerulus responsible for preventing protein leakage into urine.
  • Under stress (e.g., glomerulonephritis, metabolic issues), podocytes contract actin fibers, leading to foot process effacement and potential detachment.

Approach:

  • This study defines podocyturia as the presence of viable podocytes in urinary sediment.
  • It highlights the clinical relevance of detecting and quantifying urinary podocytes.

Key Points:

  • Podocyte detachment exposes the glomerular basement membrane, risking filtration quality and causing proteinuria.
  • Viable podocytes are found in urine despite the harsh urinary environment.
  • Podocyturia can precede or worsen proteinuria, offering a new diagnostic marker.
Keywords:
Glomerular basement membranenephronpodocytepodocyturiaproteinuria

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Conclusions:

  • Urinary podocyte detection and quantification can serve as an early indicator or accompanying sign of proteinuria.
  • This offers a novel perspective for interpreting and managing kidney diseases.
  • Widespread training and commercial kits are needed for routine identification.