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Megaloblastic anemia: A common but often neglected cause of pyrexia of unknown origin

Bushra Siddiqui1, Divya Rabindranath1, Shahbaz Habib Faridi2

  • 1Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Translational Internal Medicine
|November 17, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Megaloblastic anemia can cause fever of unknown origin (FUO). Prompt diagnosis and vitamin B12/folate therapy can effectively resolve fever in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Fever of unknown origin (FUO) presents a diagnostic challenge.
  • Megaloblastic anemia is a condition characterized by large, immature red blood cells.
  • The association between megaloblastic anemia and pyrexia needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate megaloblastic anemia as a potential cause of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO).
  • To evaluate the response of fever in megaloblastic anemia patients to specific treatments.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on 15 patients with megaloblastic anemia and fever.
  • Patients were evaluated over a 6-month period in hospital clinics.
  • Data on presenting complaints, fever characteristics, and epidemiological factors were collected.

Main Results:

  • Eleven patients showed signs of infection and responded to antibiotics.
  • Four patients lacked infection evidence and did not respond to antibiotics.
  • These four patients experienced significant fever reduction within 48 hours of vitamin B12/folate therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Megaloblastic anemia is an important and reversible cause of fever.
  • It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with PUO.
  • Timely identification and management can improve patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Folatemegaloblastic anemiapyrexia of unknown originvitamin B12

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