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A Mouse Model to Assess Innate Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection
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Innate Immune Memory Contributes to Host Defense against Recurrent Skin and Skin Structure Infections Caused by

Liana C Chan1,2, Siyang Chaili3,2, Scott G Filler3,2,4

  • 1Division of Molecular Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.

Infection and Immunity
|November 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Innate immune memory provides protection against recurring Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. This defense involves specific immune cells and molecules, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for MRSA infections.

Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureusimmunityrecurrent infectionskin infection

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA, frequently causes recurrent skin infections.
  • Adaptive immunity alone offers incomplete protection against these recurring infections.
  • Innate immune memory is hypothesized to play a role in host defense.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of innate immune memory to host defense against recurring MRSA skin infections.
  • To determine if prior infection confers protection against subsequent S. aureus challenge.

Main Methods:

  • Skin and skin structure infections (SSSI) were induced in wild-type and rag1-/- mice.
  • Mice were either primed with prior infection or left naive.
  • Abscess severity, bacterial load (CFU), immune cell infiltration, and molecular markers were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Prior infection (priming) protected both wild-type and rag1-/- mice against recurring SSSI.
  • Protection was localized to the previously infected site.
  • Protected mice showed increased infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, Langerin+ dendritic cells, NK cells, and induction of IL-17A, IL-22, IFN-γ, CRAMP, and mβD-3.

Conclusions:

  • Innate immune memory contributes to localized host defense against recurrent MRSA SSSI.
  • Specific cellular and molecular programs mediate this innate immune memory.
  • Findings support developing targeted immunotherapies for MRSA infections.