Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 12, 2026

A Generalized Method for Determining Free Soluble Phenolic Acid Composition and Antioxidant Capacity of Cereals and Legumes
Published on: June 10, 2022
Industrial processing versus home processing of tomato sauce: Effects on phenolics, flavonoids and in vitro
Merve Tomas1, Jules Beekwilder2, Robert D Hall3
1Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali 34303, Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, 34210 Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract:
The effect of industrial and home processing, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, individual phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of tomato into tomato sauce were investigated. Industrial processing of tomato fruit into sauce had an overall positive effect on the total antioxidant capacity (∼1.2-fold higher) compared to tomato fruit whereas home processing of tomato fruit into sauce led to a decrease in these values. Untargeted LC-QTOF-MS analysis revealed 31 compounds in tomato that changed upon processing, of which 18 could be putatively identified. Naringenin chalcone is only detectable in the fruit, while naringenin is strongly increased in the sauces. Rutin content increased by 36% in the industrial processed sauce whereas decreased by 26% in the home processed sauce when compared to fruit. According to the results of an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model, industrial processing may lead to enhanced bioaccessibility of antioxidants.
Related Concept Videos
Bioavailability: Influencing Factors
Factors Influencing Bioavailability: First-Pass Elimination
Bioavailability Enhancement: Determination and Conceptual Approaches in Overcoming Bioavailability Problems
Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity
Bioavailability: Overview

