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Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...

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Two-step Approach to Explore Early- and Late-stages of Organ Formation in the Avian Model: The Thymus and Parathyroid Glands Organogenesis Paradigm

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Transcriptomic changes throughout post-hatch development in Gallus gallus pituitary.

Elizabeth M Pritchett¹, Susan J Lamont², Carl J Schmidt³

¹Animal and Food ScienceUniversity of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA empritch@udel.edu.

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

|November 19, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study used relative tissue expression (rEx) to analyze the chicken pituitary gland transcriptome. Researchers identified key genes involved in nervous system and endocrine development across different post-hatch days.

Keywords:

chicken development gene expression pituitary

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Area of Science:

Neuroendocrinology
Transcriptomics
Developmental Biology

Background:

The pituitary gland, a neuroendocrine organ, regulates vital bodily functions like stress response, metabolism, growth, and immune function.
Understanding the pituitary transcriptome is crucial for deciphering its role in development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify genes uniquely or abundantly expressed in the chicken pituitary gland compared to other tissues.
To characterize the temporal gene expression patterns in the developing chicken pituitary.

Main Methods:

Relative tissue expression (rEx) analysis was applied to chicken pituitary samples from days 21, 22, and 42 post-hatch.
Transcriptome data was analyzed to identify enriched genes at different developmental stages.

Main Results:

25 genes related to morphogenesis and nervous tissue development were consistently expressed across all time points.
295 genes involved in neurogenesis and nervous system development were shared between days 21 and 22.
407 genes unique to day 42 were associated with pituitary and endocrine system development, including hormonal functions.

Conclusions:

The chicken pituitary transcriptome shifts from a focus on nervous system development at days 21-22 to include endocrine system maturation by day 42.
This study provides a comprehensive transcriptome profile of the chicken pituitary, highlighting genes critical for its function and reproductive preparation.