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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
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Perforating the nuclear boundary - how nuclear pore complexes assemble.

Marion Weberruss1, Wolfram Antonin2

  • 1Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Spemannstraße 39, Tübingen 72076, Germany.

Journal of Cell Science
|November 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are crucial for regulating transport between the cytoplasm and nucleus. This commentary reviews NPC biogenesis and assembly in animal cells during different cell cycle phases.

Keywords:
Annulate lamellaeNuclear envelopeNuclear pore complexNuclear transport

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The nucleus is compartmentalized by a double membrane, the nuclear envelope.
  • Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) embedded in the nuclear envelope regulate molecular traffic.
  • NPCs are large protein assemblies essential for nucleocytoplasmic transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the biogenesis of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs).
  • To summarize current knowledge on NPC assembly modes in animal cells.
  • To highlight the regulation of NPC assembly during different cell cycle phases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NPC biogenesis.
  • Analysis of distinct NPC assembly pathways.
  • Discussion of cell cycle-dependent regulation of NPC formation.

Main Results:

  • NPCs are assembled from approximately one thousand individual proteins.
  • Distinct NPC assembly modes exist in animal cells.
  • NPC assembly is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding NPC biogenesis is key to comprehending nuclear transport regulation.
  • Cell cycle phase influences NPC assembly strategies.
  • Further research into NPC assembly mechanisms will elucidate fundamental cell biology processes.