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Stability of structures01:14

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In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
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Longitudinal Stability of Common TMJ Structural Disorders.

E L Schiffman1, M Ahmad1, L Hollender2

  • 11 Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

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|November 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study tracked temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement (DD) and degenerative joint disease (DJD) over 8 years. Most TMJ DD and DJD diagnoses remained stable, but progression and reversal were also observed.

Keywords:
biostatisticscomputed tomographyimagingjoint diseasemagnetic resonance imagingorofacial pain/TMD

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Radiology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • The longitudinal progression of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement (DD) and degenerative joint disease (DJD) is not well-established.
  • Previous studies lack comprehensive longitudinal data using advanced imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the longitudinal stability of TMJ disc displacement (DD) and degenerative joint disease (DJD) over an 8-year period.
  • To determine the rates of progression and reversal for both soft and hard tissue diagnoses in the TMJ.

Main Methods:

  • An 8-year observational study involving 401 subjects, utilizing data from the Validation Project and TMJ Impact Project.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were used for diagnoses, with consensus reached by two radiologists.
  • Statistical analyses, including kappa reliability and a Hui-Walter model, were employed to assess diagnostic changes and reliability, accounting for inter-reader variability.

Main Results:

  • Longitudinally, 76% of TMJ disc displacement (DD) diagnoses and 71% of degenerative joint disease (DJD) diagnoses remained stable.
  • Progression was observed in 14% of DD cases and 15% of DJD cases, while reversal occurred in 10% of DD and 14% of DJD cases.
  • Concurrent baseline soft tissue diagnoses were significantly associated with hard tissue diagnostic changes (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • A significant proportion of TMJ disc displacement and degenerative joint disease diagnoses demonstrate stability over 8 years.
  • However, diagnostic progression and reversal are confirmed phenomena in both soft and hard tissues of the TMJ.
  • Baseline soft tissue conditions may influence the progression of hard tissue changes in the TMJ.