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    This study measured the absolute responsivity of a novel cryogenic radiometer using carbon nanotubes. The results provide crucial data for accurate power measurements across visible and terahertz wavelengths.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Accurate radiometric measurements are essential for various scientific and technological applications.
    • Cryogenic radiometers offer high sensitivity and stability for precise optical power determination.
    • Carbon nanotubes present unique optical and thermal properties suitable for advanced detector fabrication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the absolute responsivity of a planar cryogenic radiometer utilizing carbon nanotubes.
    • To evaluate the performance of this radiometer across visible and far-infrared (terahertz) spectral ranges.
    • To compare the radiometer's performance against established national standards.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a planar cryogenic radiometer using micromachined silicon with carbon nanotubes as absorber and thermistor.
    • Detector-based radiometry for measuring absolute responsivity in the visible and terahertz wavelength ranges.
    • Characterization of thermistor temperature coefficient, noise equivalent power, window transmittance, and nanotube absorber reflectance.

    Main Results:

    • Absolute responsivity measurements were performed using detector-based radiometry.
    • Key parameters including thermistor temperature coefficient and noise equivalent power were evaluated.
    • Measurements were compared to the German national standard, and uncertainties were summarized.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed cryogenic radiometer demonstrates potential for accurate absolute power measurements.
    • The study provides a comprehensive uncertainty budget for the radiometer's responsivity as a function of wavelength.
    • This work contributes to the advancement of radiometric standards in the terahertz regime.