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Related Concept Videos

Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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In Vivo Osteo-organoid Approach for Harvesting Therapeutic Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
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Impaired hematopoietic progenitor cells in trauma hemorrhagic shock.

Manoj Kumar1, Sanjeev Bhoi1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.

Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|November 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemorrhagic shock (HS) impairs hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), increasing trauma mortality. Reactivating these cells is crucial for recovery and preventing complications like sepsis.

Keywords:
CytokineErythropoietinGranulocyte-colony stimulating factorHematopoietic progenitor cellsTrauma hemorrhagic shock

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Trauma Pathophysiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a leading cause of death in trauma patients, with a mortality rate around 50%.
  • Severe trauma and HS lead to the dysfunction of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs).
  • HS disrupts normal cellular signaling, affecting HPCs and potentially leading to long-term health issues.

Approach:

  • Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying HPC dysfunction during HS.
  • Analyzing the impact of cytokines, G-CSF, and catecholamines on HPCs.
  • Examining the role of erythropoietin receptor expression in HS-induced HPC suppression.

Key Points:

  • HS triggers increased cytokines, G-CSF, circulating catecholamines, and peripheral HPCs.
  • Erythropoietin receptor expression is decreased, suppressing HPC function.
  • Impaired HPCs contribute to persistent anemia and increased susceptibility to infection, sepsis, and multiple organ failure (MOF).

Conclusions:

  • Dysfunctional HPCs are a significant consequence of trauma-induced HS.
  • Targeting HPC reactivation presents a potential therapeutic strategy for trauma patients.
  • Further research is needed to develop methods for reactivating impaired HPCs in HS.