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The Rabbit Blood-shunt Model for the Study of Acute and Late Sequelae of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Technical Aspects
Published on: October 2, 2014
The Clinical Predictors of Shunt-Dependent Hydrocephalus Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Sio Iong Chang1, Ming Dar Tsai, David Hung-Tsang Yen
1National Yang-Ming University, College of Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Aim:
Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDH) is a relatively common complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Delay in diagnosis and treatment may worsen neurological outcome. This study was conducted to identify early clinical factors associated with SDH following aSAH.
Material And Methods:
Patients diagnosed with aSAH at our hospital from January 2010 through July 2014 were included. Patients aged ? 18 or ? 90 years, with concurrent arteriovenous malformation, treated with both clipping and coiling, or not receiving definitive treatment were excluded. Both clinical and radiological variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic model to identify factors independently associated with outcome of SDH following aSAH.
Results:
Overall, 33 patients (36.2%) developed SDH following aSAH after definitive treatment. Univariate analysis revealed age, emergency department (ED) white blood cell (WBC) count, hypernatremia, Hunt & Hess Grade, modified Fisher"s Grade, presentation of acute hydrocephalus, initial placement of external ventriculostomy, and post-operative central nervous system infection were clinically significant factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed ED WBC count > 14,500/?L (OR 5.096, 95% CI 1.332 to 19.499, p=0.017), poor Hunt&Hess Grade (III, IV & V) (OR 3.562, 95% CI 1.081 to 11.737, p=0.037), and initial placement of external ventriculostomy (OR 4.294, 95% CI 1.125 to 16.393, p=0.033) were independent factors. < p < CONCLUSION: Three early independent predictors of SDH were identified including poor Hunt&Hess Grade, initial placement of external ventriculostomy and ED leukocytosis. Early placement of a ventricular-peritoneal shunt after aSAH may shorten length of stay in hospital and in intensive care unit.
