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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
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In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

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Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

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The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
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Systemic inflammation in acute intermittent porphyria: a case-control study.

E Storjord1,2, J A Dahl1, A Landsem2,3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|November 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is linked to systemic inflammation, with elevated cytokines and complement activation. Disease activity in AIP correlates with inflammation markers like PTX3 and reduced insulin release.

Keywords:
chemokinescomplementcytokineshumaninflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare genetic disorder of heme synthesis.
  • The role of systemic inflammation in AIP pathogenesis and disease activity remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between AIP and systemic inflammation.
  • To determine if inflammation markers correlate with AIP disease activity.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 50 AIP patients and matched controls.
  • Analysis of plasma cytokines, complement activation products (C3bc, TCC), and long pentraxin-3 (PTX3).
  • Measurement of urine porphobilinogen ratio (U-PBG) as a disease activity marker.

Main Results:

  • Symptomatic AIP cases exhibited significantly increased levels of 27 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors compared to controls.
  • Elevated C3bc and IgG levels were observed in AIP patients.
  • U-PBG correlated positively with PTX3 and TCC, with PTX3 predicting biochemical disease activity.

Conclusions:

  • AIP is associated with significant systemic inflammation, potentially involving a T helper type 17 (Th17) response.
  • Inflammation markers, particularly PTX3, are linked to AIP disease activity.
  • Reduced insulin release and impaired kidney function in symptomatic AIP suggest a connection to disease activity.