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Cognitive Control As a Double-Edged Sword.

Tarek Amer1, Karen L Campbell2, Lynn Hasher1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reduced cognitive control enhances performance in older adults and some younger adults for daily tasks like environmental learning and creative problem-solving. Cognitive control is beneficial when engaged but also when less engaged.

Keywords:
agingcognitive control

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive neuroscience
  • Psychology of aging

Background:

  • Cognitive control, the ability to focus on goal-relevant information, is crucial for many lab tasks.
  • However, real-world functions often require less control, and some may benefit from reduced control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on how reduced cognitive control impacts performance in older and younger adults.
  • To explore the benefits of decreased cognitive control in healthy aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies.
  • Analysis of performance on tasks involving environmental information and creative problem-solving.

Main Results:

  • Reduced cognitive control enhances performance in older adults across various tasks.
  • Decreased cognitive control can also benefit younger adults under specific circumstances.
  • Benefits observed in acquiring environmental information and generating creative solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive control acts as a 'double-edged sword,' essential for some tasks but detrimental when over-engaged.
  • Reduced cognitive control can improve performance in healthy aging and specific situations for younger adults.