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Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

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Updated: Mar 11, 2026

An In Vitro Model for Studying Cellular Transformation by Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus

An In Vitro Model for Studying Cellular Transformation by Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus

Published on: August 25, 2017

Viral Carcinogenesis.

A J Smith¹, L A Smith¹

¹Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science

|November 21, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Viral infections cause a significant portion of human cancers. Tumor virology research has identified viruses linked to various cancers and provided insights into cancer development, including oncogene activation.

Keywords:

Insertional mutagenesis Oncogenes Oncovirus RB Tumor suppressor genes Tumor virus p53

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Virology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Historical perspectives on cancer etiology evolved from humoral theories to cellular and viral concepts.
Early 20th-century discoveries in virology, including Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), laid the groundwork for tumor virology.
The identification of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) marked a milestone in understanding viral links to human cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the historical development of tumor virology.
To highlight the role of viruses in causing human cancers.
To discuss the molecular mechanisms by which viruses contribute to carcinogenesis.

Main Methods:

Historical literature review of cancer and virology research.
Summary of key discoveries in tumor virology.
Analysis of the impact of viral carcinogenesis on understanding cancer genetics.

Main Results:

Viruses are implicated in approximately 15-20% of all cancer cases globally.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers.
Tumor virology research has elucidated mechanisms of oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation in cancer.

Conclusions:

Viruses are established causes of a substantial percentage of human cancers.
The field of viral carcinogenesis offers critical molecular insights applicable to all cancers.
Continued research in tumor virology is essential for cancer prevention and treatment strategies.