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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

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Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
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Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
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[Orthostatic hypotension; that great unknown].

S M Velilla-Zancada1, M A Prieto-Díaz2, C Escobar-Cervantes3

  • 1Centro de Salud Espartero, Logroño, La Rioja, España; Grupo de trabajo de Hipertensión Arterial y Enfermedad Cardiovascular de SEMERGEN, España.

Semergen
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PubMed
Summary

Orthostatic hypotension, a drop in blood pressure upon standing, affects many and has varied causes. This review updates knowledge on its diagnosis and treatment, proposing standardized diagnostic methods.

Keywords:
Blood pressureHipotensión ortostáticaOrthostatic hypotensionPosturaPosturePresión arterial

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is increasingly recognized in scientific research.
  • OH can stem from neurogenic and non-neurological origins.
  • Existing studies show contradictory findings regarding cardiovascular risk factors and drug treatments associated with OH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of current knowledge on orthostatic hypotension.
  • To summarize effective treatment strategies for orthostatic hypotension.
  • To propose a standardized diagnostic approach for orthostatic hypotension.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on orthostatic hypotension.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and reported outcomes.
  • Synthesis of information on treatment efficacy and associated risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Consensus definition exists: a drop of ≥20mmHg systolic or ≥10mmHg diastolic blood pressure within 3 minutes of standing.
  • Diagnostic methods vary across studies, leading to potential inconsistencies.
  • Associations with cardiovascular risk factors and drug treatments are reported but require clarification.

Conclusions:

  • Orthostatic hypotension is a significant clinical finding with diverse etiologies.
  • Standardization of diagnostic criteria is crucial for consistent research and clinical practice.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the role of cardiovascular risk factors and optimize treatment.