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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
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Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal01:27

Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal

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Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most precise method for assessing core body temperature and typically registers higher than oral temperature. For adults, the rectal thermometer should be inserted 1 to 1.5 inches into the rectum to obtain the most accurate reading.
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...
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Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

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Internal rectal prolapse: Definition, assessment and management in 2016.

L Cariou de Vergie1, A Venara2, E Duchalais3

  • 1Clinique de chirurgie digestive et endocrinienne, Hôtel-Dieu, CHU de Nantes, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes, France; Maternité, hôpital Mère-Enfant, CHU de Nantes, 1, place Alexis-Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes, France.

Journal of Visceral Surgery
|November 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Internal rectal prolapse (IRP) is a pelvic floor disorder causing significant bowel issues. Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy is now the preferred surgical treatment for IRP, offering better outcomes than previous methods.

Keywords:
ConstipationDefecatory obstructionIncontinenceInternal prolapseLaparoscopic rectopexyManagementPelvic floor disorderRectumTrans-anal rectal resection

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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 11, 2026

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery
  • Pelvic Floor Disorders

Background:

  • Internal rectal prolapse (IRP) is a common pelvic floor disorder often presenting with defecatory or fecal incontinence symptoms.
  • Clinical examination alone is insufficient for IRP diagnosis; dynamic MRI defecography aids understanding and management.
  • Surgical intervention for IRP requires a multidisciplinary approach after conservative treatments fail.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy compared to previous treatments for internal rectal prolapse.
  • To establish the current gold standard surgical treatment for IRP.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic modalities including dynamic MRI defecography and the Oxford score.
  • Comparison of surgical outcomes between stapled trans-anal rectal resection (STARR) and laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy.
  • Analysis of functional outcomes, including evacuation and continence, for both procedures.

Main Results:

  • STARR procedure shows inconsistent results, with failure rates up to 20% and fecal incontinence in 25% of patients at one year.
  • Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy demonstrates high efficacy, resolving evacuation disorders in 65-92% and continence symptoms in 73-97% of patients.
  • Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy is associated with significant advantages in addressing functional deficits caused by IRP.

Conclusions:

  • Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy is the current gold standard surgical treatment for internal rectal prolapse.
  • This approach offers superior functional outcomes for both evacuation and continence compared to STARR.
  • Patient selection and multidisciplinary discussion remain crucial for optimal IRP management.